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--> }} The Deir Yassin massacre took place on April 9, 1948, when around 120 fighters from the Zionist paramilitary groups Irgun and Lehi attacked Deir Yassin near Jerusalem, a Palestinian Arab village of roughly 600 people. The assault occurred as Jewish militia sought to relieve the blockade of Jerusalem by Palestinian Arab forces during the civil war that preceded the end of British rule in Palestine.〔Morris 2008, pp. 126–128.〕 The residents resisted the attack, and the village fell only after fierce house-to-house fighting. 107 villagers were killed during and after the battle for the village, including women and children—some were shot, while others died when hand grenades were thrown into their homes.〔Kana'ana and Zeitawi, ''The Village of Deir Yassin,'' Destroyed Village Series, Berzeit University Press, 1988.〕 Several villagers were taken prisoner and may have been killed after being paraded through the streets of West Jerusalem, though accounts vary.〔Yavne to HIS-ID, April 12, 1948, IDFA 5254/49//372 in Morris 2008, p. 127.〕 Four of the attackers were killed, with around 35 injured.〔(Gelber 2006 ), p. 310. *Morris 2008, p. 126 says "several dozen". *(Morris 2005 ) says, "a dozen seriously wounded (they later spoke of 30–40 wounded, surely an exaggeration)."〕 The killings were condemned by the leadership of the Haganah—the Jewish community's main paramilitary force—and by the area's two chief rabbis. The Jewish Agency for Israel sent Jordan's King Abdullah a letter of apology, which he rebuffed.〔 Abdullah saw the Jewish Agency as responsible for the massacre, because he saw them as the head of the Jewish affairs in Palestine〔Morris 2008, p. 127.〕 and thought they caused such incidents, and warned about "terrible consequences" if more incidents like that occurred.〔Benny Morris, ''The Road to Jerusalem: Glubb Pasha, Palestine and the Jews'', p. 128.〕 The deaths became a pivotal event in the Arab–Israeli conflict for their demographic and military consequences. The narrative was embellished and used by various parties to attack each other—by the Palestinians against Israel; by the Haganah to play down their own role in the affair; and by the Israeli left to accuse the Irgun and Lehi of violating the Jewish principle of purity of arms, thus blackening Israel's name around the world.〔(Gelber 2006 ), p. 307. *For "purity of arms," see Walzer, Michael. "War and Peace in the Jewish Tradition," and Nardin, Terry. "The Comparative Ethics of War and Peace," in Nardin, Terry (ed.). ''The Ethics of War and Peace''. Princeton University Press, pp. 107–108, 260.〕 News of the killings sparked terror among Palestinians, encouraging them to flee from their towns and villages in the face of Jewish troop advances, and it strengthened the resolve of Arab governments to intervene, which they did five weeks later.〔 ==Background== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Deir Yassin massacre」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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